Former general Prabowo Subianto was sworn in on Sunday as President of Indonesia, seeking a more prominent position on the global stage for the world’s fourth most populous nation.
The 73-year-old fiery nationalist—accused of human rights abuses during his time in the military—took the oath in parliament to officially succeed outgoing leader Joko Widodo.
“I swear that I will fulfil the duties of the President of the Republic of Indonesia as best as possible and as fairly as possible,” he said.
Prabowo has committed to Indonesia’s non-aligned foreign policy but has indicated he will be bolder on the world stage.
He made China his first foreign visit after his election eight months ago, before embarking on trips to a dozen other countries, including Russia and Australia, where he signed a key security deal.
He inherits Southeast Asia’s largest economy and the world’s largest nickel reserves, leading a country of 280 million people, about half of whom are under the age of 30.
Prabowo won by a first-round landslide in the February election, helped by the support of his running mate Gibran Rakabuming Raka, the 37-year-old son of Widodo, and bold campaign promises, including a $28 billion free meal plan for children.
The former defence minister, dressed in traditional attire, delivered a bombastic speech to lawmakers, who applauded and chanted his name.
“We will lead the Indonesian government… by prioritising the interests of all Indonesians, including those who did not vote for us,” he said.
He spoke about presiding over a “peaceful democracy,” adhering to a
“good neighbour” policy, and stated there was still too much corruption “at all levels” before concluding his speech with shouts of “freedom!”
Prabowo then drove from parliament to the presidential palace in Jakarta, shaking hands with supporters from the roof of his car along the way.
He arrived for a handover ceremony with Widodo, more popularly known as Jokowi, a former rival whom he lost to in two election races, in 2014 and 2019.
Rights Record
Several dozen diplomats attended the inauguration, including British Foreign Minister David Lammy and Chinese Vice President Han Zheng.
Chinese President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory message to Prabowo on Sunday, stating he would maintain “close strategic communication” with his new Indonesian counterpart, state broadcaster CCTV said.
Security was heightened across the capital, Jakarta, ahead of the inauguration, with around 100,000 police and army personnel deployed.
Tens of thousands lined the streets of Jakarta as Prabowo became Indonesia’s eighth leader since the country gained independence from Dutch colonial rule in 1945.
While supporters celebrated his ascent to the presidency, critics have pointed to a chequered past.
NGOs and his former military superiors accuse Prabowo of ordering the abduction of democracy activists at the end of dictator Suharto’s rule in the late 1990s.
According to the Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence (Kontras), 23 activists were kidnapped between 1997 and 1998, with 13 still missing.
Prabowo was discharged from the military over the abductions but has denied the allegations.
The United States once refused to grant Prabowo a visa due to his human rights record, and he was reportedly on a blacklist in Australia for some time.
Prabowo has also been accused of involvement in military crimes in East Timor under Indonesian occupation.
“Concerns remain about what Prabowo’s rise may mean for democracy and human rights,” said Parker Novak, a non-resident fellow at the Atlantic Council.
Image Reboot
A campaign to rehabilitate Prabowo’s reputation won over younger voters in the last election, with the former general recasting himself as a grandfatherly figure.
He shared images of his cats with his six million Instagram followers, while videos of him dancing went viral, portraying him as the everyman candidate.
The addition of Gibran to the ticket prompted protests and accusations of nepotism after the age limit for candidates was lowered last year by Jokowi’s brother-in-law, then the chief justice.
Gibran’s popularity is tied to his father, who led Indonesia through the COVID-19 pandemic relatively unscathed and back to five per cent growth.
The outgoing president’s successor has set an even higher target of eight per cent growth.
However, experts say a bigger challenge lies ahead for Prabowo on the world stage.
“He will have to navigate the inevitable tension between his country’s extensive economic relationship with China and its growing security relationships with the United States and Australia,” Novak said.
AFP